[463], Patriotic music in Canada dates back over 200 years as a distinct category from British patriotism, preceding Canadian Confederation by over 50 years. [301][302] A record number of 405,000 immigrants were admitted to Canada in 2021. [177][178][179] Five parties had representatives elected to the Parliament in the 2021 electionthe Liberal Party, who currently form a minority government; the Conservative Party, who are the Official Opposition; the New Democratic Party; the Bloc Qubcois; and the Green Party of Canada. [119] The COVID-19 pandemic in Canada began on January 27, 2020, with wide social and economic disruption. The Arctic Ocean is to the north of Canada. Canada is the largest foreign supplier of energy to the US, including oil, natural gas, and electric power, and a top source of US uranium imports. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. A fuel pump is seen in a car at a gas station in Toronto April 22, 2014. [207] Criminal law is solely a federal responsibility and is uniform throughout Canada. [414], Themes of nature, pioneers, trappers, and traders played an important part in the early development of Canadian symbolism. 49,871. [467], The roots of organized sports in Canada date back to the 1770s,[468] culminating in the development and popularization of the major professional games of ice hockey, lacrosse, curling, basketball, baseball, association football and Canadian football. Find out what document you need to travel, visit family and friends, do business, or transit through Canada, and how to extend your stay. [410][411], Historically, Canada has been influenced by British, French, and Indigenous cultures and traditions. Due to changes in testing policies across Canada, case counts shown may be lower than actual numbers. [59] The Proclamation and the Quebec Act in turn angered many residents of the Thirteen Colonies, further fuelling anti-British sentiment in the years prior to the American Revolution. The 105 members of the Senate, whose seats are apportioned on a regional basis, serve until age 75. [123] By land area alone, Canada ranks fourth, due to having the world's largest area of fresh water lakes. [370] There are 11 Indigenous language groups, composed of more than 65 distinct languages and dialects. [461] The Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences presents Canada's music industry awards, the Juno Awards, which were first awarded in 1970. [364] Canada's federal government practices official bilingualism, which is applied by the commissioner of official languages in consonance with section 16 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms and the federal Official Languages Act. [20], The first inhabitants of North America are generally hypothesized to have migrated from Siberia by way of the Bering land bridge and arrived at least 14,000 years ago. [375] Due to its historical relation to the francophone culture, Quebec Sign Language (LSQ) is used primarily in Quebec, although there are sizeable Francophone communities in New Brunswick, Ontario and Manitoba. [422][423] Canadian coins feature many of these symbols: the loon on the $1 coin, the Arms of Canada on the 50 piece, and the beaver on the nickel. [276] As of 2020[update], the country has produced fifteen Nobel laureates in physics, chemistry, and medicine,[277] and was ranked fourth worldwide for scientific research quality in a major 2012 survey of international scientists. [61] To accommodate the influx of English-speaking Loyalists in Central Canada, the Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the province of Canada into French-speaking Lower Canada (later Quebec) and English-speaking Upper Canada (later Ontario), granting each its own elected legislative assembly. [142] Although Canada has a low percentage of endemic species compared to other countries,[143] due to human activities, invasive species and environmental issues in the country, there are currently more than 800 species at risk of being lost. [267] In the 1980s, Prime Minister Brian Mulroney's Progressive Conservatives abolished the NEP and changed the name of FIRA to Investment Canada to encourage foreign investment. Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching 8,891 kilometres (5,525mi), is the world's longest binational land border. Ontario. [347][348], According to the 2021 Canadian census, over 450 "ethnic or cultural origins" were self-reported by Canadians. Canada is the largest foreign supplier of energy to the US, including oil, natural gas, and electric power, and a top source of US uranium imports. [93], The financial crisis of the Great Depression had led the Dominion of Newfoundland to relinquish responsible government in 1934 and become a Crown colony ruled by a British governor. Canada, the second largest country in the world in area (after Russia), occupying roughly the northern two-fifths of the continent of North America. It is the worlds second-largest country by total area, although as a whole the country is sparsely populated. [360] The 2021 census indicated that 8.3million people, or almost one-quarter (23.0percent) of the population, reported themselves as being or having been a landed immigrant or permanent resident in Canadaabove the 1921 census previous record of 22.3percent. English and French are its [456], Canadian music reflects a variety of regional scenes. English and French have equal status in federal courts, Parliament, and in all federal institutions. Virtual Tour Schedule a Tour. English and French are its A house was sold without the owners' consent. [188] The leader of the party with the second-most seats usually becomes the leader of the Official Opposition and is part of an adversarial parliamentary system intended to keep the government in check. The Programme for International Student Assessment indicates Canadian students perform well above the OECD average, particularly in mathematics, science, and reading,[345][346] ranking the overall knowledge and skills of Canadian 15-year-olds as the sixth-best in the world, although these scores have been declining in recent years. Last updated on October 19th, 2022. [98] Socially democratic programs were also instituted, such as Medicare, the Canada Pension Plan, and Canada Student Loans, though provincial governments, particularly Quebec and Alberta, opposed many of these as incursions into their jurisdictions. These included the explosion of Air India Flight 182 in 1985, the largest mass murder in Canadian history;[112] the cole Polytechnique massacre in 1989, a university shooting targeting female students;[113] and the Oka Crisis of 1990,[114] the first of a number of violent confrontations between the government and Indigenous groups. Last updated on October 19th, 2022. [333][334] Education in Canada is generally divided into primary education, followed by secondary education and post-secondary. [154] Canada's largest national wildlife region is the Scott Islands Marine National Wildlife Area, which spans 11,570.65 square kilometres (4,467.45sqmi)[155] and protects critical breeding and nesting habitat for over 40 percent of British Columbia's seabirds. A highly developed country, Canada has the 24th highest nominal per capita income globally and the fifteenth-highest ranking on the Human Development Index. [318] Just over 60,000 children are homeschooled in the country as of 2016. The border of Canada with the US is the longest bi-national land border in the world. Zellers canada locations 2023. [308] The most densely populated part of the country, accounting for nearly 50 percent, is the Quebec CityWindsor Corridor in Southern Quebec and Southern Ontario along the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence River. Chris Bolin/The Globe and Mail. A house was sold without the owners' consent. [365], The 1977 Charter of the French Language established French as the official language of Quebec. [285] Other major Canadian scientific contributions include the artificial cardiac pacemaker, mapping the visual cortex,[286][287] the development of the electron microscope,[288][289] plate tectonics, deep learning, multi-touch technology and the identification of the first black hole, Cygnus X-1. [18] St. John's Island (now Prince Edward Island) became a separate colony in 1769. [23] The characteristics of Indigenous societies included permanent settlements, agriculture, complex societal hierarchies, and trading networks. [299] Canada has one of the highest per-capita immigration rates in the world,[300] driven mainly by economic policy and also family reunification. To register, contact media@hrsdc-rhdcc.gc.ca with your name and media outlet before 10:00 a.m. EST on Thursday, January 19, 2023.Please indicate if attendance will be in-person or virtual. [275], In 2019, Canada spent approximately $40.3billion on domestic research and development, of which over $7billion was provided by the federal and provincial governments. English and French are its official languages. After a tumultuous first two seasons on the job, Matt Canada will return as the Pittsburgh Steelers' offensive coordinator in 2023, according to the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. [247], The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act, 1867, whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada. .ca. [235] As this was the first UN peacekeeping mission, Pearson is often credited as the inventor of the concept. [214] The role of Aboriginal law and the rights they support were reaffirmed by section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982. [355], Between 2011 and 2016, the visible minority population rose by 18.4percent. [419] The Arms of Canada are closely modelled after the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom with French and distinctive Canadian elements replacing or added to those derived from the British version. Canada, the second largest country in the world in area (after Russia), occupying roughly the northern two-fifths of the continent of North America. [117], In 2011, Canadian forces participated in the NATO-led intervention into the Libyan Civil War,[118] and also became involved in battling the Islamic State insurgency in Iraq in the mid-2010s. [145] Over half of Canada's landscape is intact and relatively free of human development. [442] In addition to the CBC, some provincial governments offer their own public educational TV broadcast services as well, such as TVOntario and Tl-Qubec. In addition, Canada is the single largest foreign supplier of energy to the United States. [140], Canada is divided into fifteen terrestrial and five marine ecozones. On the east and west coasts, average high temperatures are generally in the low 20s C (70s F), while between the coasts, the average summer high temperature ranges from 25 to 30C (77 to 86F), with temperatures in some interior locations occasionally exceeding 40C (104F). 49,871. [137], Much of Northern Canada is covered by ice and permafrost. [45] In general, early settlements during the Age of Discovery appear to have been short-lived due to a combination of the harsh climate, problems with navigating trade routes and competing outputs in Scandinavia. [244], Canada is a federation composed of ten federated states called provinces and three federal territories. Its land reaches from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. [457] Canada has developed a vast music infrastructure that includes church halls, chamber halls, conservatories, academies, performing arts centres, record companies, radio stations and television music video channels. Quebec. Includes workplace eligibility, steps to apply, processing times, and what you need to do before you work in Canada. [321] Canada has one of the highest rates of adult obesity among Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries, contributing to approximately 2.7million cases of diabetes (types 1 and 2 combined). [482] The country is scheduled to co-host the 2026 FIFA World Cup alongside Mexico and the United States.[483]. It ranks among the highest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic freedom, education, gender equality and environmental sustainability. Ottawa is its capital and Toronto is its largest city. See the State Departments travel website for the Worldwide Caution and Travel Advisories. [280] Canada was ranked 15th in the Global Innovation Index in 2022. [106] The radical Front de libration du Qubec (FLQ) ignited the October Crisis with a series of bombings and kidnappings in 1970[107] and the sovereignist Parti Qubcois was elected in 1976, organizing an unsuccessful referendum on sovereignty-association in 1980. A fuel pump is seen in a car at a gas station in Toronto April 22, 2014. Through their language, art and music, Indigenous peoples continue to influence the Canadian identity. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the etymological origins of Canada, the name is now accepted as coming from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word kanata, meaning "village" or "settlement". TORONTO - Canadas mens basketball team will play exhibition games against Spain and Argentina this summer in preparation for the 2023 FIBA World Cup. [130], Canada can be divided into seven physiographic regions: the Canadian Shield, the interior plains, the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Appalachian region, the Western Cordillera, Hudson Bay Lowlands and the Arctic Archipelago. [10], From the 16th to the early 18th century, "Canada" referred to the part of New France that lay along the Saint Lawrence River. [320] Eightypercent of Canadian adults self-report having at least one major risk factor for chronic disease: smoking, physical inactivity, unhealthy eating or excessive alcohol use. In addition, Canada is the single largest foreign supplier of energy to the United States. Canada is a country in the northern part of North America. In my time at Caada College, I had the amazing opportunity to grow as a leader. As a consequence of various armed conflicts, France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763. Contracts with government. [262] Like many other developed countries, the Canadian economy is dominated by the service industry, which employs about three-quarters of the country's workforce. [319] A 2016 report by the chief public health officer found that 88percent of Canadians, one of the highest proportions of the population among G7 countries, indicated that they "had good or very good health". [439] As a result, the preservation of a distinctly Canadian culture is supported by federal government programs, laws, and institutions such as the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC), the National Film Board of Canada (NFB), and the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC). This spring, Hudson's Bay Company is set to open Zellers stores inside 25 The Bay locations across Canada. Canada's long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its economy and culture. From north to south it spans more than half the Northern Hemisphere. [42] No further European exploration occurred until 1497, when Italian seafarer John Cabot explored and claimed Canada's Atlantic coast in the name of King Henry VII of England. Moving between provinces. [56] To avert conflict in Quebec, the British Parliament passed the Quebec Act 1774, expanding Quebec's territory to the Great Lakes and Ohio Valley. Coastal British Columbia has a temperate climate, with a mild and rainy winter. [380] With Christianity in decline after having once been central and integral to Canadian culture and daily life,[381] Canada has become a post-Christian, secular state. Of all Canadas top sights, Banff National Park justifiably ranks as many peoples number one. [462] The Canadian Music Hall of Fame, established in 1976, honours Canadian musicians for their lifetime achievements. [74] Between 1871 and 1896, almost one quarter of the Canadian population emigrated south to the U.S.[75], To open the West and encourage European immigration, Parliament approved sponsoring the construction of three transcontinental railways (including the Canadian Pacific Railway), opening the prairies to settlement with the Dominion Lands Act, and establishing the North-West Mounted Police to assert its authority over this territory. Attempts to accommodate Quebec nationalism constitutionally through the Meech Lake Accord failed in 1990. It is the worlds second-largest country by total area, although as a whole the country is sparsely populated. The governor general or monarch may, though, in certain crisis situations exercise their power without ministerial advice. Canada is also bounded by the Arctic Ocean to the north, by the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. WebBanff National Park. Although the Constitution of Canada refers to God and the monarch carries the title of "Defender of the Faith", Canada has no official church, and the government is officially committed to religious pluralism. [261] In 2018, Canada had a trade deficit in goods of $22billion and a trade deficit in services of $25billion. .ca. Here's how to protect yourself. Canada's land area is 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles). Canada is a country in the northern part of North America. Learn about labour mobility between provinces and territories. Given its abundant natural resources, highly skilled labor force, and modern capital stock, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007. [200], The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law of the country and consists of written text and unwritten conventions. TORONTO - Canadas mens basketball team will play exhibition games against Spain and Argentina this summer in preparation for the 2023 FIBA World Cup. [443], Non-news media content in Canada, including film and television, is influenced both by local creators as well as by imports from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, and France. See the State Departments travel website for the Worldwide Caution and Travel Advisories. Canada is a vast and rugged land. COVID-19 booster dose. Canada holds the third largest oil reserves after Saudi Arabia and Venezuela, and is the only non-OPEC member in the top five. ", "Some Visual Aspects of the Monarchical Tradition", "Commission of Inquiry into the Investigation of the Bombing of Air India Flight 182", "Canada's Policy to Confront the Islamic State", "Catholic group to release all records from Marievel, Kamloops residential schools", "Canada and Denmark reach settlement over disputed Arctic island, sources say", "Changes in Temperature and Precipitation Across Canada; Chapter 4", "Introduction to the Ecological Land Classification (ELC) 2017", "Wild Species 2015: The General Status of Species in Canada", "Wild Species 2000: The General Status of Species in Canada", "State of Canada's Biodiversity Highlighted in New Government Report", "The Mountain Guide Banff National Park", "Algonquin Provincial Park Management Plan", "Spotlight on Marine Protected Areas in Canada", "Scott Islands Marine National Widllife Area", "Proposed Scott Islands Marine National Wildlife Area: regulatory strategy", Left/Right Ideology and Canadian Politics, "The baffling history of Canada's party system", "Canada's Secret to Resisting the West's Populist Wave", "What's actually standing in the way of right-wing populism in Canada? [313] Universal access to publicly funded health services "is often considered by Canadians as a fundamental value that ensures national health care insurance for everyone wherever they live in the country. [356] One out of every four Canadians or 26.5percent of the population belonged to a non-White and non-Indigenous visible minority,[357][d] the largest of which in 2021 were South Asian (2.6 million people; 7.1percent), Chinese (1.7 million; 4.7percent) and Black (1.5 million; 4.3percent). [44] The early 16th century saw European mariners with navigational techniques pioneered by the Basque and Portuguese establish seasonal whaling and fishing outposts along the Atlantic coast. [429] Since the 1980s, Canada's ethnic and cultural diversity has been openly reflected in its literature. [366] Although more than 82 percent of French-speaking Canadians live in Quebec, there are substantial Francophone populations in New Brunswick, Alberta, and Manitoba; Ontario has the largest French-speaking population outside Quebec. [24][25] Some of these cultures had collapsed by the time European explorers arrived in the late 15th and early 16th centuries and have only been discovered through archeological investigations. WebCOVID-19 in Canada. [369], Other provinces have no official languages as such, but French is used as a language of instruction, in courts, and for other government services, in addition to English. [395][396][397] Canada has placed emphasis on equality and inclusiveness for all its people. Canada is a country in North America. [67] The signing of the Oregon Treaty by Britain and the United States in 1846 ended the Oregon boundary dispute, extending the border westward along the 49th parallel. The Province of Canada (or the United Province of Canada or the United Canadas) was a British colony in British North America from 1841 to 1867. [303] New immigrants settle mostly in major urban areas in the country, such as Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration. [125] Canada has over 2,000,000 lakes563 of which are larger than 100km2 (39sqmi)containing much of the world's fresh water. [434] L. M. Montgomery produced a series of children's novels beginning in 1908 with Anne of Green Gables. [426] The earliest Canadian narratives were of travel and exploration. General elections in Canada must be called by the governor general, triggered by either the advice of the prime minister or a lost confidence vote in the House. [248] The powers flowing from the Constitution Act, 1867 are divided between the federal government and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively. "[314] Around 30percent of Canadians' healthcare is paid for through the private sector. [469] Canada's official national sports are ice hockey and lacrosse. [116] Canada sent troops to Afghanistan in 2001 but declined to join the United Statesled invasion of Iraq in 2003. [428] In recent decades, Canada's literature has been strongly influenced by immigrants from around the world. Provincial and territorial case numbers. [412] During the 20th century, Canadians with African, Caribbean and Asian nationalities have added to the Canadian identity and its culture. Canada - CBC News. WebCanada. [309] Life expectancy is 81.1 years. [87] The Military Service Act brought in compulsory military service, though it, coupled with disputes over French language schools outside Quebec, deeply alienated Francophone Canadians and temporarily split the Liberal Party. [42] French explorer Samuel de Champlain arrived in 1603 and established the first permanent year-round European settlements at Port Royal (in 1605) and Quebec City (in 1608). WebImmigrate to work and live in Canada . [273] The country is a leading exporter of zinc, uranium, gold, nickel, platinoids, aluminum, steel, iron ore, coking coal, lead, copper, molybdenum, cobalt, and cadmium. [398][399] The official state policy of multiculturalism is often cited as one of Canada's significant accomplishments,[400] and a key distinguishing element of Canadian identity. [328] Identified weaknesses were comparatively higher infant mortality rate, the prevalence of chronic conditions, long wait times, poor availability of after-hours care, and a lack of prescription drugs and dental coverage. [43] In 1534, French explorer Jacques Cartier explored the Gulf of Saint Lawrence where, on July 24, he planted a 10-metre (33ft) cross bearing the words "Long Live the King of France" and took possession of the territory New France in the name of King Francis I. [364] As of the 2021 Census, just over 7.8million Canadians listed a non-official language as their mother tongue. More details on the reporting schedule. [446], Art in Canada is marked by thousands of years of habitation by its indigenous peoples. [136] In non-coastal regions, snow can cover the ground for almost six months of the year, while in parts of the north snow can persist year-round. Canada is a country to the north of the United States. [138] Canada's annual average temperature over land has warmed by 1.7C (3.1F), with changes ranging from 1.1 to 2.3C (2.0 to 4.1F) in various regions, since 1948. [197], The Bank of Canada is the central bank of the country. Deaths. Sell your goods or services to the government One of North Americas largest urban green spaces, Stanley Park is revered for its dramatic forest-and-mountain oceanfront views. Sell your goods or services to the government The same poster in English, with subtle differences in text. This spring, Hudson's Bay Company is set to open Zellers stores inside 25 The Bay locations across Canada. From east to west it stretches almost 4,700 miles (7,560 kilometers) across six time zones. [328] An increasing problem in Canada's health system is a lack of healthcare professionals. [438] Canada has a well-developed media sector, but its cultural outputparticularly in English films, television shows, and magazinesis often overshadowed by imports from the United States. WebCanada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching [359] In 1961, about 300,000 people, less than two percent of Canada's population, were members of visible minority groups. [404][405], Canada's approach to governance emphasizing multiculturalism, which is based on selective immigration, social integration, and suppression of far-right politics, has wide public support. [51], The English established additional settlements in Newfoundland in 1610 along with settlements in the Thirteen Colonies to the south. Of all Canadas top sights, Banff National Park justifiably ranks as many peoples number one. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom. Ottawa is its capital and Toronto is its largest city. [240][b] In 2021, Canada's military expenditure totalled approximately $26.4billion, or around 1.3percent of the country's gross domestic product (GDP). The border of Canada with the US is the longest bi-national land border in the world. [100][101][102] Canada had established complete sovereignty as an independent country, although the monarch is retained as sovereign. From east to west it stretches almost 4,700 miles (7,560 kilometers) across six time zones. Ontario. This fact, coupled with the grandeur of the landscape, has been central to the sense of Canadian [245] Provinces and territories have responsibility for social programs such as health care, education, and welfare,[246] as well as administration of justice (but not criminal law). [239], The unified Canadian Forces (CF) comprise the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force. [464] "The Maple Leaf Forever", written in 1866, was a popular patriotic song throughout English Canada and for many years served as an unofficial national anthem. WebImmigrate to work and live in Canada . Deaths. [87] In 1919, Canada joined the League of Nations independently of Britain,[85] and the Statute of Westminster, 1931 affirmed Canada's independence. Policies across Canada, case counts shown may be lower than actual numbers many peoples one. 116 ] Canada sent troops to Afghanistan in 2001 but declined to join the United Kingdom locations across.... 2011 and 2016, the Constitution of Canada is the central Bank of Canada by ice and permafrost the minority... 483 ] marked by thousands of years of habitation by its Indigenous continue! Apportioned on a regional basis, serve until age 75 exhibition games canada citizenship ceremony invitation letter! 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